Chemical and Structural Evolution of Sol‐Gel‐Derived Hydroxyapatite Thin Films under Rapid Thermal Processing

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Abstract
Chemical and structural evolution of hydroxyapatite thin films produced by sol‐gel synthesis is characterized by ion beam analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Formation of the hydroxyapatite structure began at 500°C; no other phases were observed at higher temperatures. Elimination of residual organics was observed in the form of the disappearance of excess oxygen, hydrogen and carbon. Crystal size increases with increasing anneal temperature; spectroscopy indicates the formation of highly crystalline films. The analytical methods chosen provide insight into subtle chemical and structural changes which occur in films produced by this synthetic route.

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