Structural Features, Antitumor and Antioxidant Activities of Rice Bran Polysaccharides Using Different Extraction Methods

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Abstract
In this study, rice bran polysaccharides (RBP) were extracted using the hydrothermal method (RBP‐H), microwave‐assisted extraction (RBP‐M) and enzyme‐assisted extraction (RBP‐E). The prepared RBP samples exhibited the typical spectral patterns of polysaccharides, but differed in chemical composition, molecular features, antitumor and antioxidant activities. The molecular weights ( Mw ) of RBP‐H, RBP‐M, and RBP‐E were 1.03 × 10 5 , 2.62 × 10 5 , and 0.46 × 10 5 g/mol, respectively. In vitro , all RBP samples significantly inhibited mouse sarcoma S180 cells viability in a dose‐dependent manner. In vivo , RBP‐M or RBP‐E could not only inhibit the growth of the tumor, but also enhance the spleen index. In addition, RBP‐E could induce an enhancement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities and a scavenging effect on malondialdehyde. This study demonstrated that the effective antitumor activity of RBP may be owed to its enhancement of antioxidant activity function. The present work suggested that RBP, especially RBP‐E could be a safe and effective antitumor, bioactive agent or functional food. Practical Application: Polysaccharides is extracted from rice bran (RBP) using hydrothermal, microwave‐assisted and enzyme‐assisted extraction methods. The results suggested that the antitumor activity of RBP was associated with enhancement of immunization and antioxidant. RBP could be explored as a natural antitumor and antioxidant agent applied in medicines and functional foods.

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