UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS Profiling and Synergistic Anti‐HCC Activity of Gallic Acid From Compound Muji Granules Combined With hUC‐MSC‐Exos

Authors:
Open Access
Publisher website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lacks effective therapies. Compound Muji Granules (MJ), a traditional Chinese medicine, shows potential anti‐HCC activity, but its material basis and synergistic mechanism with exosomal delivery remain unclear. Using UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS, 98 compounds were identified in MJ, including 25 blood‐absorbed and 23 tissue‐distributed components, with gallic acid (GA) as the core active constituent. hUC‐MSC‐derived exosomes (hUC‐MSCs‐Exos) were prepared and combined with MJ or GA. In HepG2 cells and rat HCC organoids, exosome‐combined treatment significantly reduced IC50, increased apoptosis and necrosis, and inhibited ATP production. Transcriptomic analysis and qPCR revealed regulation of the IL‐17/MAPK/p53 axis, with downregulation of MEK1/2, CREB1, and IL17A, and activation of TP53. These findings indicate that MJ exerts anti‐HCC efficacy through multi‐component synergy, with GA as the main material basis, and hUC‐MSCs‐Exos enhance these effects by modulating IL‐17/MAPK/p53 signaling, inhibiting tumor proliferation and energy metabolism, and promoting apoptosis.
Funding Information
  • Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2025‐DxkjcU45‐23‐03)
  • Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2025‐DxkjcU45‐23‐24)

This publication has 36 references indexed in Scilit: