Correlation Between National Institutes of Health Funding for Pediatric Research and Pediatric Disease Burden in the US

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Abstract
The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the largest government funding source for biomedical research globally with a budget of more than $40 billion in 2020.1,2 Each year, more than 60 000 grants are awarded by the NIH, funding approximately 300 000 researchers in every state in the US.3 NIH-funded research programs have made substantial contributions to scientific discovery and translational research, with one analysis indicating that NIH funding supported the basic research underlying every one of the 210 new drugs approved by the FDA from 2010 to 2016.4 While only a small proportion of the NIH’s annual budget is allocated to pediatric research, NIH-funded research has been instrumental in improving pediatric health outcomes, with large contributions toward reductions in infant and childhood mortality, declines in serious pediatric infections, and improved neonatal outcomes.1

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