Austrian Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults and Older Adults with and without Physical, Sensory, or Mental Disabilities, as well as for Adults with Chronic Diseases

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Abstract
There is sound scientific evidence that regular physical activity enhances physical, psychological, and mental health. Specific physical activity guidelines for target groups make an essential contribution to the promotion of physical activity behavior at a population level. In this article, we introduce the updated Austrian physical activity guidelines for adults and older adults with and without physical, sensory, or mental disabilities, as well as for adults with chronic diseases. We have also added comments to key elements of the guidelines. The scientific basis of the physical activity guidelines is the scientific report by the US advisory committee, as well as the 2(nd)edition of the physical activity guidelines for Americans. Guidelines for a new target group - adults with chronic health conditions - have been included. Furthermore, people with disabilities are now explicitly part of the (older) adult target groups. Instead of providing one cut-off point to separate people into meeting the guidelines/not meeting the guidelines, a range of 150 to 300 minutes per week is now recommended. Placing the guidelines for strength training above those for aerobic training emphasizes the importance of this type of training. In addition, it is now recommended that prolonged sitting is avoided by regularl interruptions. We believe that the publication of the physical activity guidelines for Austria will make an important contribution to the promotion of health through regular physical activity. However, the promotion of regular physical activity will only be successful if all target groups have a fair chance to reach physical activity competence, and attractive environments are created for regular physical activity.

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