Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Guatemala, 2007-2012

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Abstract
Background. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI). Little is known about RSV disease among older children and adults in Central America. Methods. Prospective surveillance for ARI among hospital patients and clinic patients was conducted in Guatemala during 2007–2012. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens were tested for RSV, using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results. Of 6287 hospitalizations and 2565 clinic visits for ARI, 24% and 12%, respectively, yielded RSV-positive test results. The incidence of RSV-positive hospitalization for ARI was 5.8 cases/10 000 persons per year and was highest among infants aged P < .001). Conclusions. The incidences of RSV-associated hospitalization and clinic visitation for ARI were highest among young children, but a substantial burden of ARI due to RSV was observed among older children and adults.

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