Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms in Male Patients: Histopathological and Molecular Diagnoses

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Abstract
Cystic mucinous neoplasms (MCNs) of the pancreas are rare cystic tumors, accounting for approximately 2–5% of all pancreatic neoplasms. They predominantly occur in premenopausal women and are typically located in the body or tail of the pancreas. Due to their potential for malignant transformation, especially in cases associated with invasive carcinoma such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, early detection, complete surgical resection, and rigorous postoperative surveillance are essential. The occurrence of MCNs in male patients is exceedingly rare, comprising only about 2% of reported cases, and often resulting in preoperative diagnostic challenges. Molecular analyses have identified a strong association between KRAS mutations and disease progression in MCNs, underscoring their potential role as prognostic markers despite limited diagnostic utility. In this report, we present two additional cases of MCNs in male patients, highlighting their histopathological features and the ancillary investigations undertaken to support diagnosis.

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