Testing of Natural and Waste Material Adsorbents for the Removal of Sulfur Compounds from Gaseous Fuel and Petroleum Products

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Abstract
Natural gas, refinery gas, and coal gas contain acid gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. These compounds must be removed from the gas stream because of the toxicity of H2S and to prevent acid gas-induced corrosion of pipelines and facilities. Hydrogen sulfide is released as a result of various industrial processes, and its removal is critical because this compound can cause corrosion and environmental damage even at low concentrations. Sulfur compounds are also present in natural gas, biofuels and other fuel gases used in power plants. The article proposes new adsorbents and presents the results of their testing for the removal of acid gases. The review section comprehensively summarizes current research on hydrogen sulfide removal in gas cleaning processes using agricultural and industrial waste as highly efficient adsorbents. In the experimental section, 10 composite materials based on natural raw materials and wastes, as well as 6 commercial adsorbents, were synthesized and tested under laboratory conditions. The choice of materials for the adsorbents production was based on the principles of environmental friendliness, availability, and cost-effectiveness. The developed materials based on modified sludge from water treatment plants of thermal power plants are effective sorbents for the purification of gas emissions from petrochemical enterprises.
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