Tunable light propagation in Y-shaped waveguides in two-dimensional photonic crystals utilizing liquid crystals as linear defects

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Abstract
We theoretically investigate the tunability of light propagation in Y-shaped waveguides in two-dimensional photonic crystals with triangular lattices composed of air holes utilizing liquid crystals as linear defects. Waveguides can be obtained by the infiltration of liquid crystals into air regions in two-dimensional photonic crystals composed of air holes with triangular lattices. The refractive indices of liquid crystals can be changed by rotating the directors of liquid crystals. Then, we can control the direction of light propagation in Y-shaped waveguides in two-dimensional photonic crystals with triangular lattices, which would provide novel applications of switching devices in optical circuits.

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