New advances in the volatile metabolites of Frullania tamarisci

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Abstract
The chemical composition of Frullania tamarisci essential oil from Corsica was investigated using GC‐FID, GC–MS and NMR analyses. The essential oil compositions were further studied analyzing samples prepared from three different Corsican locations and during a seasonal vegetative cycle. 40 components, which accounted for 78.3–89.8% of the total amount of F. tamarisci essential oils were identified. The main components were tamariscol coeluted with pacifigorgiol (30.4–41.5%), germacra‐1(10)E,5E–dien‐11‐ol (3.6–7.1%), γ‐cylocostunolide (1.8–20.1%), γ‐dihydrocyclocostunolide (1.2–8.0%) and frullanolide (1.7–4.9%). Among them, germacra‐1(10)E,5E–dien‐11‐ol was never reported in the Frullania genus and pacifigorgiol, a tamariscol GC‐overlapped compound, was for the first time reported in Bryophytes. Finally using 1D and 2D NMR experiments, we reported γ‐dihydrocyclocostunolide as a new natural compound. Two Corsican F. tamarisci essential oils with different GC profiles were assessed for their phytotoxic behavior against onion seeds and seedling in order to evaluate their capacity to inhibit germination and alter the development of plantlets. According to the essential oil‐compositions, a stimulation of the onion seedling was observed when sesquiterpene lactones amount was higher, whilst the inhibition of roots growth occurs when sesquiterpene alcohols were predominantly.

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