Fimbriiglobus ruber gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gemmata-like planctomycete from Sphagnum peat bog and the proposal of Gemmataceae fam. nov.

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Abstract
An aerobic, budding, dark pink to red-pigmented bacterium was isolated from an acidic boreal Sphagnum peat bog and designated strain SP5T. Cells of this strain were non-motile spheres that were uniformly covered with crateriform pits and fimbria, and tended to form aggregates during growth in liquid media. Strain SP5T was capable of growth at pH values between 4.0 and 6.8 (optimum at pH 5.5-6.0) and at temperatures between 10 and 30oC (optimum 20-25oC). The preferred growth substrates were sugars and some heteropolysaccharides. The major fatty acids were C20:1w9c, C16:1w9c and C16:0; the major polar lipid was trimethylornithine. Cells contained also significant amounts of bound (w-1)OH-C30:1 fatty acid. The quinone was menaquinone-6, and the G+C content of the DNA was 60.7 mol%. Strain SP5T was a member of the order Planctomycetales and belonged to the phylogenetic lineage defined by the genus Gemmata. It displayed 88 and 89% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Gemmata obscuriglobus and 'G. massiliana', 89% to Zavarzinella formosa and 86% to Telmatocola sphagniphila. However, strain SP5T differed from members of these genera by cell morphology, substrate utilization pattern and fatty acid composition. Based on these data, the novel isolate should be considered as representing a novel genus and species of planctomycetes, for which the name Fimbriiglobus ruber gen. nov., sp. nov, is proposed. The type strain is SP5T (= LMG 29572T = VKM B-3045T). We also suggest the establishment of a novel family, Gemmataceae fam. nov., which includes the phylogenetically related genera Gemmata, Zavarzinella, Telmatocola and Fimbriiglobus.

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