Rising drug-and alcohol-related mortality among working-age adults in the United States underscores the critical need to identify factors that increase the risk of illicit drug use and prescription drug misuse. 1-2 Adolescents and young adults with ADHD are more likely than their peers without ADHD to use illicit drugs and misuse prescription drugs. 3-4 Neurocognitive mechanisms, such as heightened reward sensitivity, deficits in response inhibition, and executive function impairments, contribute to the higher risk of drug use among adults with ADHD. 5