Correlation between musculoskeletal pain and stress levels in teachers during the remote teaching period of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Abstract
Introduction Remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic caused teachers to work under adverse conditions and sit in front of a computer rather than stand, which can lead to musculoskeletal pain and stress in this population. Objective To observe the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and its correlation with stress levels in teachers during the remote teaching period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study carried out in elementary and high schools in the city of São José do Belmonte, Pernambuco state (PE). Sixty teachers of both sexes aged 18 years and older were evaluated. The Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Symptoms (NQMS) was used to assess musculoskeletal pain, the Visual Analogue Scale to quantify pain intensity and the Maslach Burnout Inventory to identify symptoms of stress and burnout. Results Seventy five percent (n = 45) of the teachers reported musculoskeletal pain, with a higher prevalence in the lumbar spine 68.3% (n = 41), followed by the cervical spine 45.0% (n = 27),thoracic spine, wrists and hands, both with 41.7% (n = 25). A positive correlation was observed between the presence of musculoskeletal pain and high levels of occupational stress (p = 0.036). Conclusion A high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was identified in teachers during the remote teaching period. The lumbar, cervical and thoracic spine, wrists and hands exhibited the highest pain prevalence. Teachers who experienced musculoskeletal pain had higher stress levels and there was a positive correlation between musculoskeletal pain intensity and high occupational stress levels.

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