Information Sensing of Human Gait by Space–Time Metasurface Under Single Frequency With Multiple Doppler Spectra

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Abstract
The sensing and detection of electromagnetic (EM) targets by utilizing the metasurface has been the frontier research in recent years. A novel microwave sensor for information sensing of dynamic targets is proposed by applying the space-time metasurface working under a single frequency with multiple Doppler Spectra. For each unit cell of the metasurface, it is composed of a receiving patch antenna and a programmable phase shifter owning the ability of continuous phase manipulation within 360°, enabling the generation of a Doppler spectrum by loading periodic time-modulation signals on the unit cell. The column-control method of metasurface is preferred, and the predesigned Doppler spectrum has been observed by separately allocating different time-modulation signals for each column to map the information of the dynamic target in real time. By using a multimodal fusion-based convolutional neural network (CNN) to process the synchronous microwave and optical data, the dynamic information of human gait has been classified and identified completely in our proof-of-concept measurement by space-time metasurface-based sensor.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271146)
  • Defense Industrial Technology Development Program

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