An interoperable antenna for GPS and GLONASS services on a car

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Abstract
In this article an interoperable GNSS antenna for all common navigation services in cars in combination with a multiband short rod antenna in its center is presented. The antenna is designed for a cover with strictly limited volume for a roof mount position. It ensures a stable reception of GPS, Beidou, Galileo and GLONASS signals in L1- frequency band due to high realized gain in required elevation angles. Even in a combination with the short rod antenna, its realized gain in zenith reaches values of 4.3 dBic at the frequency 1.575GHz and 3.6 dBic at the frequency 1.602 GHz. Together with high performance the antenna is easy to fabricate since its structure is made of panel and common plastic material.