Systemic Actinomyces Infection

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Abstract
THE INTRAUTERINE contraceptive device (IUD) is used by more than 3 million women in the United States.1Although it is more than 95% effective and does not interfere with the natural hormonal cycle, it is not without complications. Aside from excessive bleeding and pain during menstrual periods and increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, infections caused byActinomycesorganisms have been well demonstrated to occur in association with use of an IUD.2Uterine actinomycosis infection is usually superficial,3but it is potentially invasive4and may be fatal.5Establishment of the correct diagnosis followed by removal of the IUD and appropriate antibiotic therapy are recommended whenActinomycesis detected in a vaginal Papanicolaou smear. We describe herein a 28-year-old woman who had been using an IUD and who had systemicActinomycesinfection and a brain abscess develop several years after removal of her uterus and fallopian

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