Harnessing IoT for Road Safety: Intelligent Helmets with Ignition Shut-off

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Abstract
In this paper, we propose the design and mathematical theory of an IoT-based mechanism for ignition prevention to tackle hazardous situations prematurely. For the last 7 years, there are almost 3,30,000 road accidents on an average in India. In the year 2020 itself, the two-wheeler accidents accounted for a 35.7% of overall accident figures. The main and utmost reason for this situation includes driving after alcohol consumption, reckless driving and mainly driving without helmet. Multiple sensors are built into the helmet that are tasked with monitoring the preset conditions, which on failure would automatically disengage ignition circuit. The helmet also has a connection to a cloud-based server, which continuously analyses sensor data and, on uncomplying situations, it shuts off the ignition source automatically. The system is constituent of two stations, namely the bike and helmet stations. The bike station is responsible for response and the helmet station is responsible for sensing. This paper affectively describes the logic behind the system mathematically, providing a proved hypothesis on the design. The effectiveness of the system has been evaluated through extensive testing, and the results show that the helmet is able to detect and prevent ignition in a timely and reliable manner.

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