Description of Anaerobaculum hydrogeniformans sp. nov., an anaerobe that produces hydrogen from glucose, and emended description of the genus Anaerobaculum

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Abstract
A novel anaerobic, moderately thermophilic, NaCl-requiring fermentative bacterium, strain OS1T, was isolated from oil production water collected from Alaska, USA. Cells were Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods (1.7–2.7 × 0.4–0.5 µm). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain OS1Twas 46.6 mol%. The optimum temperature, pH and NaCl concentration for growth of strain OS1Twere 55 °C, pH 7 and 10 g l−1, respectively. The bacterium fermentedd-fructose,d-glucose, maltose,d-mannose, α-ketoglutarate,l-glutamate, malonate, pyruvate,l-tartrate,l-asparagine, Casamino acids,l-cysteine,l-histidine,l-leucine,l-phenylalanine,l-serine,l-threonine,l-valine, inositol, inulin, tryptone and yeast extract. When grown ond-glucose, 3.86 mol hydrogen and 1.4 mol acetate were produced per mol substrate. Thiosulfate, sulfur andl-cystine were reduced to sulfide, and crotonate was reduced to butyrate with glucose as the electron donor. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain OS1Twas related to Anaerobaculum thermoterrenum (99.7 % similarity to the type strain), a member of the phylum Synergistetes . DNA–DNA hybridization between strain OS1Tand A. thermoterrenum DSM 13490Tyielded 68 % relatedness. Unlike A. thermoterrenum , strain OS1Tfermented malonate, maltose, tryptone,l-leucine andl-phenylalanine, but not citrate, fumarate, lactate,l-malate, glycerol, pectin or starch. The major cellular fatty acid of strain OS1Twas iso-C15 : 0(91 % of the total). Strain OS1Talso contained iso-C13 : 03-OH (3 %), which was absent from A. thermoterrenum , and iso-C13 : 0(2 %), which was absent from Anaerobaculum mobile . On the basis of these results, strain OS1Trepresents a novel species of the genus Anaerobaculum , for which the nameAnaerobaculum hydrogeniformanssp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OS1T( = DSM 22491T = ATCC BAA-1850T). An emended description of the genus Anaerobaculum is also given.
Funding Information
  • US Department of Energy (DE-FG02-08ER64689)

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