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Abstract
The application of radio frequency (RF) vacuum electronics for the betterment of the human condition began soon after the invention of the first vacuum tubes in the 1920s and has not stopped since. Today, microwave vacuum devices are powering important applications in health treatment, material and biological science, wireless communication—terrestrial and space, Earth environment remote sensing, and the promise of safe, reliable, and inexhaustible energy. This article highlights some of the exciting application frontiers of vacuum electronics.
Funding Information
  • U (0000DONOTUSETHIS0000.S, DE-C02-76SF00515)
  • DOE Solicitation (LAB 20-2262, FWP 100623)
  • National Institutes of Health through the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01-EB004866, R01-EB001965)
  • through the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM132079, GM132997)
  • through the National Institute of Aging (AG058504)
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFB1803200)
  • European Space Agency through various research and development programs in Telecommunication, Earth Observation and Science Directorates
  • Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP), a United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) program to design and build a prototype fusion energy plant and a path to commercial fusion

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