EV-microRNA signatures in pregnant women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: deciphering microRNAome pathway networks at feto-maternal interface

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Abstract
Background: Despite extensive research in the past decade, the exact pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) remains unknown. At the time of pregnancy, human placenta releases microRNAs (miRNAs) enclosed in extracellular vesicles (EVs), which enter into maternal circulation and play an important role at feto-maternal interface to sustain a successful pregnancy. Aberrant expression of these miRNAs often results in adverse pregnancy complications. Therefore, studying the expression of these EV-miRNAs in maternal circulation could provide insights into the pathogenesis of RPL.Methods: The present study included idiopathic currently pregnant (NFKB1, IL6, JUN, FOS, CXCL8, PTGS2, TGFB1, MMP9, STAT1, and CD4) were significantly enriched in immunological pathways—Th1/Th2/Th17 differentiation, NF-κB pathway, TNF-α signaling, IL-17 signaling pathway, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway.Conclusion: These results suggest that circulating EV-miRNAs in maternal blood could provide clinical insights into the pathogenesis of RPL and dysregulated immunological and molecular pathways at feto-maternal interface.

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