Controlled synthesis and tunable properties of hematite hierarchical structures in a dual-surfactant system

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Abstract
A simple hydrothermal synthesis method was reported for the preparation of various hematite hierarchical structures in a dual-surfactant system, such as stalactite-like, cluster-like and coral-like and so on. The mechanism of formation was studied by adjusting the experimental parameters, and it was found that both oleate and citrate played important roles in the process. Citrate is believed to act as an “etching” reagent in our experiment. The samples obtained were dispersed in a water–hexane mixture to study their surface nature by considering the difference in the lypohydrophilic properties of the oleate and citrate groups. Meanwhile, study of their magnetic properties determined that the oleate and citrate played similar roles in influencing a reductive reaction to convert Fe3+ to Fe2+.

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