Near‐Infrared Intraoperative Chemiluminescence Imaging

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Abstract
Intraoperative imaging technologies recently entered the operating room, and their implementation is revolutionizing how physicians plan, monitor, and perform surgical interventions. In this work, we present a novel surgical imaging reporter system: intraoperative chemiluminescence imaging (ICI). To this end, we have leveraged the ability of a chemiluminescent metal complex to generate near‐infrared light upon exposure to an aqueous solution of Ce4+ in the presence of reducing tissue or blood components. An optical camera spatially resolves the resulting photon flux. We describe the construction and application of a prototype imaging setup, which achieves a detection limit as low as 6.9 pmol cm−2 of the transition‐metal‐based ICI agent. As a proof of concept, we use ICI for the in vivo detection of our transition metal tracer following both systemic and subdermal injections. The very high signal‐to‐noise ratios make ICI an interesting candidate for the development of new intraoperative imaging technologies.
Funding Information
  • US National Institutes of Health (P30 CA008748-48, K25 EB016673, R21 CA191679, 4R00A178205-02, R01A183953, R01EB014944, R01CA183953)
  • MSKCC Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology
  • Tow Foundation
  • MSKCC Experimental Therapeutics Center
  • National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT 0965983)
  • King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

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