Neighborhood Concentration of Child Poverty by Immigrant Background: National and City- Level Trends

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Abstract
Child poverty has been steadily rising across high-income countries, including Scandinavia, raising concerns about its spatial concentration and potential impact on inequality. This study uses administrative data to investigate the development of geographic concentration of child poverty in Norway from 2004 to 2022, with a focus on variations across immigrant and native-born children. We analyze neighborhood poverty trends and measure overexposure to capture shifts in spatial inequality. Our key findings are that segregation, as measured by overexposure, has not increased over time despite a rise in child poverty. However, substantial differences persist, where overexposure to low-income neighbors is particularly pronounced among low-income immigrant children. Additionally, while aggregate levels of overexposure have remained stable, we observe local spatial shifts, particularly in the capital, Oslo, with some areas exhibiting increasing overexposure. Together, these patterns highlight persistent disparities among children, with potential consequences for child development and social integration.
Funding Information
  • Institute for Social Research

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