General Steady-State Analysis and Control Principle of Electric Springs With Active and Reactive Power Compensations

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Abstract
This paper provides a general analysis on the steady-state behavior and control principles of a recently proposed concept of “electric springs” that can be integrated into electrical appliances to become a new generation of smart loads. The discussion here is focused on how different real and/or reactive load powers can be canceled or altered using the electric springs. Mathematical derivations supporting the theoretical framework of the concept are detailed in the paper. Experimental results validate the theoretical discussions and solutions proposed. It is demonstrated that the electric spring is capable of providing different types of power/voltage compensations to the load and the source.

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