The effects of nurse‐driven self‐management programs on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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Abstract
Aims: To analyse the effects of nurse‐driven self‐management (SM) programs on physical and psychosocial health variables in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.Data Sources: An exhaustive scanning of PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, CINAHL, ScienceDirect and Medline databases between January 2010–December 2019 was conducted for this meta‐analysis.Review Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to nurse‐driven SM programs in COPD population were included. The standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were determined for the main variables and heterogeneity was analysed using the I2 test. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) was used.Results: Twelve studies were included. The results indicated that significant difference in physical health scores based on COPD Assessment Tool (CAT) and walking distance according to the 6‐min walk distance (6MWD) test in the intervention groups compared with the control groups. About psychosocial health findings, the quality of life increased and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores decreased following SM programs. All of the studies had good quality (varying from 5–8 points) according to The Modified Jadad Scale.Conclusion: Nurse‐driven SM programs may contribute to prognosis in patients with COPD. Due to methodological weaknesses in the included trials, high‐quality RCTs are needed to better determine the effects of nurse‐driven SM programs in the management of COPD. Nurse‐driven SM programs may be employed as a useful strategy to improve health status and QOL and psychosocial health in the COPD population, as well.Impact: Current evidence shows that nurse‐driven SM programs could be safely integrated into the clinical practice for patients with COPD. Future studies are warranted that evaluating the effects of nurse‐driven SM programs on other frequently observed COPD symptoms such as dyspnoea, fatigue and sleep disturbance.

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