Carbon Nanodots Doped Super-paramagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Multimodal Bioimaging and Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration via External Magnetic Actuation

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Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have multiple theranostics applications like T2 contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electromagnetic manipulations in biomedical devices, sensors and regenerative medicines. However, SPIONs suffer from the limitation of free radical generation and this has a certain limitation in its applicability in tissue imaging and regeneration applications. In the current study, we developed a simple hydrothermal method to prepare carbon quantum dots (CD) doped SPIONs (FeC) from easily available precursors. The nanoparticles are observed to be cytocompatible, hemocompatible and capable of scavenging free radicals in vitro. They also have been observed to be useful for bimodal imaging (fluorescence and MRI). Further, 3D printed gelatin-FeC nanocomposite nanoparticles were prepared and used for tissue engineering using static magnetic actuation. Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on them with magnetic actuation and implanted at the subcutaneous region. The tissue obtained have shown features of both osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of the stem cells in vivo. In vitro, PCR studies show MSCs express gene expression of both bone and cartilage-specific markers suggesting FeCs under magnetic actuation can lead MSCs to go through an endochondral ossification route.
Funding Information
  • Ministry of Human Resource Development

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