Metformin use and mortality in Asian, diabetic patients with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy: A population‐based study

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Abstract
Background: This study aims to examine the associations between metformin use concurrent with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and mortality risks in Asian, diabetic patients with prostate cancer (PCa).Methods: This study identified diabetic adults with PCa receiving any ADT attending public hospitals in Hong Kong between December 1999 and March 2021 retrospectively, with follow‐up until September 2021. Patients with p < 0.001) and all‐cause mortality (wHR 0.53 [0.46–0.61], p < 0.001), independent of diabetic control or status of chronic kidney disease. Such effects appeared stronger in patients with less advanced PCa, which is reflected by the absence of androgen receptor antagonist or chemotherapy use (p value for interaction: 0.017 for PCa‐related mortality; 0.048 for all‐cause mortality).Conclusions: Metformin use concurrent with ADT was associated with lower risks of mortality in Asian, diabetic patients with PCa.

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