A High-Power Wireless Charging System Using LCL-N Topology to Achieve a Compact and Low-Cost Receiver

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Abstract
In high-power electric vehicle wireless charging systems, the charging distance is short, and the coupling is strong in order to increase the power density and reduce the coil size and the system cost. With a strong coupling, the receiver-side compensation can be eliminated, and a high efficiency can still be obtained. The inductor-capacitor-inductor-none (LCL-N) topology is formed with the LCL compensation on the primary side. The phase difference between the transmitter and receiver currents is larger than 90°, leading to the magnetic flux cancelation in the ferrites. Thus, the required ferrite thickness of the LCL-N topology is smaller than the fully-compensated topologies. Therefore, a compact, lightweight, and low-cost receiver structure is achieved with the omitted compensation and thinner ferrite. Moreover, the LCL-N topology can achieve zero voltage switching for all loading conditions, withstand open-circuit and short-circuit faults, and is suitable for constant-current and constant-voltage charging due to the fact that it has neither a CC nor a CV output characteristic. A 100-kW system is designed and simulated. A downscaled 1-kW system is implemented. The simulations and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the analysis.
Funding Information
  • Huawei Technologies (9406139)
  • U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-06CH11357)
  • Argonne National Laboratory (DE-AC02-06CH11357)

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