Impact of Pharmacist’s Intervention on Improving Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting multiple organ systems leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To assess the impact of pharmacist led interventions in the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A prospective, interventional study carried over a period of 12months from October 2014-September 2015 in general medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 106 Patients who fulfilled the study criteria were randomized into intervention group (55 patients) and usual care groups (51 patients) and completed the study. Patient information leaflet and medication counselling was provided to intervention group by the clinical pharmacist. Quality of life scores were collected by using Audit of diabetes dependent quality of life questionnaire to both the groups at the beginning and at the end of the study. In a group of 30 patients in the intervention group glycosylated haemoglobin was recorded at baseline and final follow up. These quality of life scores and glycaemic levels (fasting plasma glucose and post prandial plasma glucose) were obtained and compared between both groups at the end of the study. Results: The intervention group showed an improvement in the quality of life score from-2.69±1.53 at the baseline to-1.92±0.59 at the final visit (p<0.05). The average HbA1c values decreased from 9.15±1.37 to 7.21±0.844 in the intervention group (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in the post prandial blood glucose from 260.30±93.43 to 165.19±33.44 and fasting blood glucose from 163.45±56.03 to 114.45±18.87 from the baseline value to the final follow up in the intervention group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study shows that clinical pharmacist guided appropriate interventions were found to be effective in achieving better glycaemic control and better quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus.