Historical trends of residential water use in California: Effects of droughts and conservation policies
Authors:
- 28 January 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy
- Vol. 44 (1) , 511-530
Abstract
Conservation efforts to reduce residential water use have a long history in California. This article examines residential water use changes, measured by gallons per capita per day (GPCD), using a comprehensive monthly panel dataset of California's public water agencies during 1994–2019. We find that, on average, GPCD was reduced by 34% in 2019 when compared to 1994 levels. Controlling for the region, water source, and water agency characteristics suggest significant differences in policy performance. The differential effectiveness of conservation policies indicates a need to consider policy differentiation based on the agencies' objective and subjective conditions.Keywords
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