Differential‐to‐single‐ended crossover based on dumbbell‐shaped defected ground resonators for dual‐band applications

Authors:

30 March 2021

journal article
research article
Published by Hindawi Limited in International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering

Vol. 31 (6) , e22666
DOI:10.1002/mmce.22666

Abstract

This article presents a novel differential‐to‐single‐ended (DS) crossover by using two rings included of controllable frequency ratio of composite right‐ and left‐handed (CRLH) transmission lines for dual‐band applications. To reject the out‐of‐band differential‐mode transmission coefficient, two dumbbell‐shaped defected ground resonators (DGRs) are utilized over the differential transmission lines. Theoretical analysis proves that the frequency ratio can be controlled by choosing the number of designing CRLH cells and the parameter values appropriately. Also, desired electrical lengths and impedances of DGRs were obtained at the bandstop notch of differential‐mode transmission coefficient by conducting common‐ and differential‐mode analysis of lumped element equivalent circuit. To validate the proposed structure, two fabricated prototypes including the DS crossover designing at 1.8 and 4.2 GHz and separate differential lines with embedded DGRs were fabricated and measured. Measurement mixed‐mode results exhibit that the fabricated crossover has great results at both frequency bands and has a good out‐of‐band differential insertion loss rejection.

Keywords

This publication has 37 references indexed in Scilit:

Planar Single/Dual-Band Crossovers With Large- Frequency Ratios Using Coupled Lines
IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 2017
Modified dual band gysel power divider with isolation bandwidth improvement
2016
Differential Rectifier Using Resistance Compression Network for Improving Efficiency Over Extended Input Power Range
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2016
A Planar Balanced Crossover
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2016
Systematic Design Technique for Dual-Band Branch-Line Coupler Using T- and Pi-Networks and Their Application in Novel Wideband-Ratio Crossover
IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, 2016
SATCOM Retrodirective Array
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2016
Design of A Microstrip Dual-Band Crossover With Asymmetrical $\pi$ -Shaped Transmission Lines
IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 2015
Broadband microwave crossover using parallel‐coupled microstrip lines and short‐ended stubs
IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 2015
Analysis and Design of Compact and Wide-Passband Planar Crossovers
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2014
A rigorous dispersive characterization of microstrip cross and T junctions
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1990