23.2% efficient low band gap perovskite solar cells with cyanogen management

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Abstract
Managing iodine formation is crucial for realising efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaics. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a widely adopted hole transport material, particularly for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, Improving the performance and stability of PEDOT:PSS based perovskite optoelectronics remains a key challenge. We show that amine-containing organic cations de-dope PEDOT:PSS, causing performance loss, which is partially recovered with thiocyanate additives. However, this comes at the expense of device stability due to cyanogen formation from thiocyanate-iodine interaction which is accelerated in the presence of moisture. To mitigate this degradation pathway, we incorporate an iodine reductant in lead-tin PSCs. The resulting devices show an improved power conversion efficiency of 23.2% which is among the highest reported for lead-tin PSCs, and ~66% enhancement for the TS80 lifetime under maximum power point tracking in ambient conditions. These findings offer insights for designing next-generation hole extraction materials for more efficient and stable PSCs.
Funding Information
  • Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (756962)
  • Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (953187)
  • Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (957513)
  • Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (38256)
  • Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/V027131/1)
  • Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/X012344/1)
  • Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/T51780X/1)
  • Royal Society of Chemistry (RGS\R1\211403)
  • Royal Society (RF/ERE/221066)
  • Royal Society (UF150033)
  • Royal Society (URF/R1/221834)
  • Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851
  • Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (62174112)
  • University of Surrey

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