Constraints on Solar Reflected Dark Matter from XENON1T and XENONnT Data

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Abstract
We report on a search for sub-GeV dark matter upscattered via the solar reflection mechanism in the heavy mediator scenario. Under the standard halo model, keV–MeV dark matter produces nuclear recoils with energies below the detection threshold of liquid xenon time projection chambers. We enhance sensitivity to low-mass dark matter (DM) by considering dark matter–electron scattering, employing dedicated event selections to reduce the detection threshold and exploiting the additional kinetic energy imparted to the dark matter particle by solar upscattering. Using XENON1T ionization-only and XENONnT low-energy electronic recoil datasets, we exclude previously unconstrained DM-electron scattering cross section for masses between 4.6 and 20 keV / c 2 and between 0.2 and 2 MeV / c 2 , reaching a minimum of 3.41 × 10 − 39 cm 2 for a mass of 0.3 MeV / c 2 at 90% confidence level.
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Funding Information
  • National Science Foundation
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
  • Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  • Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
  • Weizmann Institute of Science
  • United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation
  • Conseil Régional des Pays de la Loire
  • Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
  • Kavli Foundation
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  • Japan Science and Technology Agency
  • Fusion Oriented REsearch for disruptive Science and Technology
  • Tsinghua University
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • Conseil Régional, Île-de-France
  • Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova
  • Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
  • H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (860881-HIDDeN)
  • H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (101081465-AUFRANDE)
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
  • Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
  • San Diego Supercomputer Center
  • Research Computing Center, University of Chicago
  • Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
  • Ministry for Education and Research, Germany
  • ERAN, Japan
  • DIM
  • ACAV+
  • Open Science Pool
  • European Grid Initiative
  • Dutch national e-infrastructure
  • SURF
  • Nikhef Data-Processing Facility, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • CNAF, Bologna, Italy
  • Enrico Fermi Institute

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