Dioscin Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through Inhibition of Oxidative-Nitrative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis

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Abstract
Background Dioscin shows potent effects against liver damage in our previous studies; however, the action of it on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is still unknown. In the present article, the effects and possible mechanisms of dioscin against hepatic I/R injury were investigated. Methods Seventy percent partial hepatic warm ischemia was induced in Wistar rats for 60 min followed by succedent reperfusion. In the prophylactic test, dioscin was administered intragastrically to the rats at doses of 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg once daily for seven consecutive days before I/R. In the therapeutic test, the rats received dioscin intragastrically at a dose of 60 mg/kg once 2 hr before I/R. Results We found that dioscin significantly decreased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, increased survival rate of rats, and improved I/R-induced hepatocyte abnormality. In addition, dioscin obviously increased the levels of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSH, decreased the levels of MDA, TNOS, iNOS, NO, and prevented DNA fragmentation caused by I/R injury. Further research indicated that dioscin markedly decreased the gene expressions of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, MIP-1α, MIP-2, Fas, FasL, decreased the protein expressions of NF-κB, AP-1, COX-2, HMGB-1, CYP2E1, Bak, caspase-3, p53, PARP, Caspase-9, decreased the levels of JNK, ERK and p38 MAPKs phosphorylation, and upregulated the levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x. Conclusion Our results suggest that dioscin has potent actions against hepatic I/R injury through suppression of inflammation, oxidative-nitrative stress, and apoptosis, which should be developed as a new drug to treat hepatic I/R injury in the future.

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