Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-associated liver disease

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Abstract
The use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics has become an important therapy in numerous gastrointestinal diseases in recent years. Modifying the gut microbiota, this therapeutic approach helps to restore a healthy microbiome. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-associated liver disease are among the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. A disrupted intestinal barrier, microbial translocation, and an altered gut microbiome metabolism, or metabolome, are crucial in the pathogenesis of these chronic liver diseases. As pro-, pre-, and synbiotics modulate these targets, they were identified as possible new treatment options for liver disease. In this review, we highlight the current findings on clinical and mechanistic effects of this therapeutic approach in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-associated liver disease.
Funding Information
  • HHS | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (KL2TR001444)
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (PNC22-159963)
  • HHS | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K12HD85036)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK120515)

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