A physics-based method that can predict imminent large solar flares

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Abstract
Predicting large solar flares: The sudden release of magnetic energy on the Sun drives powerful solar flares, which are difficult to predict. Kusano et al. derived physics-based thresholds for the onset of large solar flares and show how they can be predicted from routine solar observations (see the Perspective by Veronig). They tested their method using observations of the Sun from 2008 to 2019. In most cases, the method correctly identifies which regions will produce large flares within the next 20 hours, although there are some false positives and false negatives. The method also provides the exact location where each flare will begin and limits on how powerful it will be. Accurate predictions of solar flares could improve forecasts of space weather conditions around Earth. Science , this issue p. 587 ; see also p. 504
Funding Information
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (15H05814)

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