Food, fights, and burrows: The adaptive significance of intraspecific aggression in the bay goby (Pisces: Gobiidae)

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Abstract
The effects of size, sex, bout initiation, past experience, and prior residence were examined with respect to the outcome of intraspecific agonistic contests in the bay goby (Lepidogobius lepidus). In addition, the adaptive significance of this behavior was examined by investigating the relationship between dominance and access to two potentially limiting resources; food and the burrows of invertebrate symbionts. For heterosexual and male homosexual contests, size and initiation significantly affected bout outcome. Gender did not affect heterosexual encounters. In female homosexual bouts initiation played a significant role in determining contest outcome while size did not. Both past experience and prior residency had significant effects on the outcome of intraspecific encounters. Dominant gobies had increased access to simulated invertebrate burrows and limited food. It appears that intraspecific aggression is an adaptive phenomenon through which access to limiting resources may be mediated.

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