Adaptive and maladaptive roles of lipid droplets in health and disease

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Abstract
Advances in the understanding of lipid droplet biology have revealed essential roles for these organelles in mediating proper cellular homeostasis and stress response. Lipid droplets were initially thought to play a passive role in energy storage. However, recent studies demonstrate that they have substantially broader functions, including protection from reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipotoxicity. Dysregulation of lipid droplet homeostasis is associated with various pathologies spanning neurological, metabolic, cardiovascular, oncological, and renal diseases. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of lipid droplet biology in both health and disease.
Funding Information
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01DK116101)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK076169)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK115255)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK104753)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U54DK083912)
  • U.S. Department of War (W81XWH2110940)
  • HHS | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR000460)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK117599)
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (UM1DK100846)
  • Boehringer Ingelheim
  • HHS | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA227493)

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