Challenges and Limitations of Forage Budgeting in Subtropical Native Grasslands: Application of a New Zealand‐Based Feed Planning Model

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Abstract
Forage budgeting is a key decision‐support tool in pasture‐based livestock systems. However, its application in subtropical regions remains challenging due to high seasonal variability in forage production and botanical composition. The objective of this study was to investigate and discuss the possibility and constrains of carrying out a forage planning model for cattle and sheep in the subtropical region of Brazil, including the native grasslands of Pampa biome. This study monitored cattle herds and sheep flocks on a commercial farm in Pampa biome over a 1‐year period. Simulations and planning models were carried out based on a New Zealand “Feed Budget” approach. Data were collected from a 96.6‐hectare area, with herbage accumulation rates estimated monthly using grazing exclusion cages. Information on pasture quality, including levels of protein and energy, was estimated from the literature. The results indicate that forage planning based solely on dry matter availability is feasible. However, when planning is conducted according to animal metabolizable energy requirement, adjustments to meet energy demand are not possible due to low forage quality and limitations in animal intake capacity. Although the native grasslands of the Pampa biome produce sufficient total ME per hectare, cattle and sheep are unable to ingest enough energy to meet their requirements because of physical intake constraints. This study identifies different management strategies and highlights the need for further studies to better align forage supply with animal demand under grazing conditions in subtropical regions.
Funding Information
  • Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
  • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (558282/2009‐1)
  • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (403750/2012‐1)
  • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (441570/2016‐0)
  • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (435300/2018‐0)
  • Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (003122‐2551/12‐7)
  • Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (16/2551‐0000102‐2)

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