Трёхосные испытания льда: современные методы, конститутивные модели
Open Access
- 30 December 2025
- journal article
- Published by Far Eastern Federal University in ВЕСТНИК ИНЖЕНЕРНОЙ ШКОЛЫ ДВФУ
- No. 4(65),p. 162-176
Abstract
В статье рассматривается история и современные методы трёхосных испытаний льда, их роль в изучении механических свойств льда и в разработке его конститутивных моделей. Обобщение этих исследований имеет высокую актуальность в связи с активизацией развития программ освоения ресурсов арктических морей, включая развитие Северного морского пути (СМП) и проектирования объектов морской инфраструктуры, взаимодействующих с ледяным покровом. Анализируются преимущества трёхосных испытаний перед традиционными методами, а также перспективы развития знаний о процессах разрушения льда и совершенствования методов определения ледовых нагрузок. The article examines the history and modern methods of triaxial ice testing, their role in studying the mechanical properties of ice and in developing its constitutive models. The generalization of these studies is highly relevant in connection with the intensification of the development of programs for the development of Arctic sea resources, including the development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) and the design of marine infrastructure facilities interacting with the ice cover. The advantages of triaxial testing over traditional methods are analyzed, as well as the prospects for developing knowledge about the processes of ice destruction and improving methods for determining ice loads.Keywords
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