GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCE IN THE INHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE BY SALINITY AND CADMIUM STRESSES IN WHEAT

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Abstract
The effects of salinity (0, 75, 150 mM) and cadmium (Cd) (0, 2, 4 μM) stresses on biomass (dry matter), photosynthesis, and fluorescence parameters were studied in hydroponically-grown wheat genotypes (‘Bakhtawar-92’, ‘Pir Sabak-85’ and ‘Khyber-87’). Cadmium and sodium chloride (NaCl) alone significantly reduced dry matter weight of both shoots and roots, and the combined stress of NaCl + Cd resulted in more reduction of dry matter weight in comparison with that caused by Cd or NaCl stress alone. The addition of Cd and NaCl in the growth medium caused the significant reduction in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), fluorescence efficiency (Fv/Fm) and stomata conductance (Gs), and the significant increase in intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. The results also showed that the inhibition of photosynthetic and fluorescence efficiency under salinity or cadmium stress differed among the three wheat genotypes, with ‘Bakhtawar-92’ having greater capacity of acclimation to both stresses than the other two genotypes.

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