Modulation of the fungal mycobiome is regulated by the chitin-binding receptor FIBCD1

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Abstract
Host–microbiota interactions are critical in regulating mammalian health and disease. In addition to bacteria, parasites, and viruses, beneficial communities of fungi (the mycobiome) are important modulators of immune- and tissue-homeostasis. Chitin is a major component of the fungal cell wall, and fibrinogen C containing domain 1 (FIBCD1) is a chitin-binding protein; however, the role of this molecule in influencing host–mycobiome interactions in vivo has never been examined. Here, we identify direct binding of FIBCD1 to intestinal-derived fungi and demonstrate that epithelial-specific expression of FIBCD1 results in significantly reduced fungal colonization and amelioration of fungal-driven intestinal inflammation. Collectively, these results identify FIBCD1 as a previously unrecognized microbial pattern recognition receptor through which intestinal epithelial cells can recognize and control fungal colonization, limit fungal dysbiosis, and dampen intestinal inflammation.
Funding Information
  • Novo Nordisk Fonden (14052)
  • Fonden til Lægevidenskabens Fremme (16-248)
  • Hørslev-Fonden (203866)
  • Augustinus Fonden (15-1374)
  • Aage og Johanne Louis-Hansens Fond (L-153)
  • Aage og Johanne Louis-Hansens Fond (18-2B-2769)
  • Civilingeniør Frode V. Nyegaard og Hustrus Fond
  • Dagmar Marshalls Fond
  • Knud Højgaards Fond (48-780)
  • Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
  • Jill Roberts Institute
  • National Institutes of Health (DK113136)
  • National Institutes of Health (AI137157)
  • National Institutes of Health (AI074878)
  • National Institutes of Health (AI095466)
  • National Institutes of Health (AI095608)
  • National Institutes of Health (AI102942)
  • Burroughs Wellcome Fund
  • Cure for IBD
  • Rosanne H. Silbermann Foundation

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