Impact of treatment adherence on psoriasis severity: Insights from a multicenter cross-sectional study in Brazil

Authors:
  • KJKauê Cézar Sá Justo
    Kauê Cézar Sá Justo
  • FZFernando Henrique Teixeira Zonzini
    Fernando Henrique Teixeira Zonzini
  • AFAguinaldo Bonalumi Filho
    Aguinaldo Bonalumi Filho
  • JDJessica Scherer Dagostini
    Jessica Scherer Dagostini
  • RKRogerio Nabor Kondo
    Rogerio Nabor Kondo
  • AFAdriane Reichert Faria
    Adriane Reichert Faria
  • JCJoão Batista Calixto
    João Batista Calixto
  • DCDaniela Almeida Cabrini
    Daniela Almeida Cabrini
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Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, non-contagious inflammatory skin disease with significant physical and quality-of-life impacts. In Brazil, its estimated incidence is 1.3%. Due to the complexity of the disease, effective management requires addressing multiple factors, with treatment adherence and persistence being critical challenges. Aim: To evaluate the correlation between psoriasis severity and treatment adherence and persistence among patients in Paraná, Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 133 psoriasis patients treated at the three primary specialized care centers in the state, between January 28, 2022, and December 9, 2022. Results: A negative correlation (−0.102, rs² = 1.04%) was observed between psoriasis severity and treatment adherence. Conversely, there was a positive correlation (0.2444, rs² = 5.97%) between psoriasis severity and treatment discontinuation history. Conclusion: Treatment interruptions were correlated with increased psoriasis severity, whereas higher adherence was associated with milder clinical manifestations. Relevance for patients: These findings underscore the critical role of consistent treatment adherence in managing psoriasis. Interruptions in treatment are linked to more severe forms of psoriasis, highlighting the detrimental effects of non-adherence. In contrast, patients who maintained high levels of adherence experienced less severe symptoms, emphasizing that consistent treatment is key to improved disease control. Strengthening patient-provider collaboration and adherence strategies can improve clinical outcomes and enhance quality of life.