Star-Shaped and Linear Nanosized Molecules Functionalized with Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene: Synthesis and Optical Properties

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Abstract
A synthetic strategy promising the establishment of a new star-shaped and linear polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) family with distinct molecular topologies has been developed. The Sonogashira reaction between the iodide derivatives 2a−e and phenylacetylene catalyzed with Pd(0) affords 3a−e in high yields. The Diels−Alder and decarbonylation reactions between 3a−e and tetraphenylcyclophentadiene following the oxidation by FeCl3 produce the star-shaped and linear PAHs 5a−e containing a five-membered ring. The structural analysis and the optical properties of all new compounds are performed by a combination of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, UV−vis, and fluorescence spectrometry. The electronic and photophysical properties are studied by orthogonal comparisons of the absorption and fluorescence spectra in THF solutions, which not only give insight into the interactions among aromatic submoieties in each molecule and the effects of meta-conjugation and para-conjugation on electronic delocalization, but also indicate effective conjugation length variations from oligophenylacetylenes 3a−e to oligophenylene dendrimers 4a−e and PAHs 5a−e. The star-shaped 5c exhibits the highest aggregation in excited states compared with the other four hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives.

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