A 2-D Circularly Polarized Electronically-Controlled Beam-Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Applications

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Abstract
This paper develops a circularly polarized (CP) electronically-controlled beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna (LWA) in millimeter-wave band that can achieve wide angle scanning in both elevation and azimuth angles. The LWA comprises a bottom plate of the radial line slot array (RLSA), and a reconfigurable 1-bit amplitude modulated radiation elements (AMREs) array. The power amplitude of the AMREs array can be controlled via PIN diodes to modulate the aperture field distribution of the LWA. To achieve convenient wide-angle beam scanning, a binary holographic method (BHM) is developed, which employs the 1-bit AMREs array as the holographic surface (HS) to generate beams at different angles. Central feeding with a coaxial probe is adopted to suppress the beam squint. Measured results indicate that the LWA achieves beam scanning over a -50° to 50° range in elevation and a 0° to 360° range in azimuth. Furthermore, within the 25~27 GHz band, beam squint is suppressed within 2° across most of the scanning range except at large angles. The measured peak gain reaches 18.0dBi with good left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) property. The developed antenna shows significant potential for application in millimeter-wave mobile communications scenarios.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (62171019)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2241204)

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