Canine Sacroiliac Luxation: Anatomic Study of Dorsoventral Articular Surface Angulation and Safe Corridor for Placement of Screws Used for Lag Fixation

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Abstract
Objective— To define a safe corridor in the dorsoventral plane to facilitate placement of screws inserted in lag fashion within the sacral body for fixation of sacroiliac fracture–luxation injuries in dogs.Study Design— Anatomic study.Sample Population— Cadaveric canine sacra.Methods— Canine sacra (n=45) were used for a radiographic study to define a safe corridor in the dorsoventral plane for placement of screws inserted in lag fashion for fixation of sacroiliac luxation in the dog. The defined safe corridor allowed drilling to a depth of 65% of the sacral width to ensure screw purchase of ≥60%. Effects of positioning and measurement techniques were evaluated.Results— Eighty‐seven safe corridors were measured. The mean articular surface was 100±4.52° from horizontal. Mean maximum, optimum, and minimum safe corridor drill angles were 111± 4.57°, 100±4.70°, and 89±5.17°, respectively, from the articular surface. Predicted surgeon error of ±4° was used to define the safe corridor for use clinically.Conclusions— In 91% of sacra, a drill angle of 100±4° would remain ventral to the vertebral canal. Twelve sacra (14%) were at risk of penetration of the pelvic canal. A drill angle of 97±4° avoids penetration of the vertebral canal in all sacra measured but risks ventral exit from the body in 30% of sacra studied.Clinical Relevance— A drill angle of 97° from the articular surface is recommended for insertion of screws for lag fixation of canine sacroiliac luxation.

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