Aggregation‐induced emission biomarkers for early detection of orthopaedic implant failure

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Abstract
In recent years, the substantial increase in total joint replacements for treating degenerative joint disease has heightened concerns regarding implant loosening and failure. This is especially critical as more young patients are undergoing both initial and subsequent joint replacement procedures. These complications often necessitate additional revision surgeries. Unfortunately, current clinical practices lack effective methods for the early detection of implant failure, and there is a noticeable absence of strategies utilizing molecular markers to identify post‐surgery implant issues. This article critically assesses the potential of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) biomarkers in detecting molecular markers relevant to implant failure. It begins by outlining the pathogenesis of implant loosening and identifying pertinent molecular markers. The study then delves into how AIE luminogens (AIEgens) can play a crucial role in detecting processes such as osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Notably, it discusses the utilization of AIEgens in detecting key molecular markers, including TNF‐α, osteocalcin, and urinary N‐terminal telopeptide. The prospect of AIE biomarkers for the early detection of bone loss and implant failure presents a promising avenue for enhancing our understanding of skeletal health and improving clinical outcomes through timely intervention and personalized treatment approaches. Ongoing research and development in this area are crucial for translating AIE‐based technologies into practical tools for optimizing bone health management.

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