Quasi-Time-Invariant 3-D Focusing Beampattern Synthesis for Conformal Frequency Diverse Array

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Abstract
Due to the range-angle-dependent beampattern, frequency diverse array (FDA), either in the form of linear array or planar array, has been extensively investigated in recent years. However, the conformal FDA is seldom studied. In this paper, a general conformal FDA framework is firstly developed. Specifically, a hemi-spherical FDA is exploited to illustrate the unique advantage of conformal FDA in terms of the three-dimensional localization ability. Furthermore, to deal with the intrinsic defect of time-variant range-angle-coupled beampattern of the FDA, an optimized static nonlinear frequency offset (OSNFO) is proposed. The OSNFO not only decouples the conformal FDA beampattern in the range-angle dimension, but also copes with its inherent time-variant problem, resulting in a quasi-time-invariant three-dimensional focusing beampattern. Numerous simulation results have been provided to demonstrate the superiority and the effectiveness of the OSNFO-conformal FDA.
Funding Information
  • Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2018JM6049)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (61571356)
  • Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JB180203)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Municipality
  • Foundation of Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory, China

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