Understanding the drivers and patterns of material accumulation in the built environment is key to informing urban sustainability. Urban form is often mentioned as a likely driver of resource use and environmental impacts in cities, yet the extent of its influence on material stocks (MS) and embodied carbon (EC) remains insufficiently explored. The aim of this study is to examine how urban form influences MS and its associated environmental impacts at the neighbourhood scale. To achieve this, the study develops a workflow for systematically generating and comparing alternative urban configurations representing different urban forms. First, an urban morphology simulation model was developed to parametrically generate samples of urban configurations using morphological indicators, such as building height, ground space index, building depth, network density, and street width, as input. MS and EC are then estimated using a bottom-up and building-element-level approach, enabling the exploration of how urban form influences material demand and environmental impacts. Results show that urban form plays a critical role in shaping both the magnitude and distribution of MS and EC. Building height emerged as the dominant driver of structural material demand, while compact and higher-rise configurations generally exhibited lower per capita EC and reduced transport infrastructure -related impacts. These findings highlight the role of urban form in shaping both the magnitude and distribution of urban material demand and emissions. The proposed workflow provides a novel tool for exploring resource-efficient and low-carbon urban design strategies, supporting evidence-based planning for sustainable urban development.