Lactobacillus floricola sp. nov., lactic acid bacteria isolated from mountain flowers

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Abstract
Five strains (Ryu1-2T, Gon2-9, Ryu4-3, Nog8-1 and Aza1-1) of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from flowers in mountainous areas in Japan, Oze National Park, Iizuna mountain and the Nikko area. The five isolates were found to share almost identical (99.6–100 % similar) 16S rRNA gene sequences and were therefore deemed to belong to the same species. These isolates exhibited low levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to known lactic acid bacteria; the closest recognized relatives to strain Ryu1-2Twere the type strains ofLactobacillus hilgardii(92.8 % similarity),Lactobacillus kefiri(92.7 %),Lactobacillus composti(92.6 %) andLactobacillus buchneri(92.4 %). Comparative analyses ofrpoAandpheSgene sequences demonstrated that the novel isolates did not show significant relationships to otherLactobacillusspecies. The strains were Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative and homofermentative. The isolates utilized a narrow range of carbohydrates as sources of carbon and energy, including glucose and fructose. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic data, these isolates represent a novel species of the genusLactobacillus, for which the nameLactobacillus floricolasp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Ryu1-2T( = NRIC 0774T = JCM 16512T = DSM 23037T).

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